Pain the spine is one of the most common complaints among people. Unlike all other mammals, only man has back problems, because they walk straight significantly increases the pressure on the spine.
Alone the spine consists of several divisions, and most often a throbbing pain in the back локализуется only in one of them.
Causes unpleasant feelings
Factors that affect the deterioration of the spine are known to all:
- sedentary a sedentary lifestyle;
- lack of physical activity;
- sharp lifting weights;
- heavy physical labor.
In addition, the influence of hereditary factors and associated pathology, which, for example, worsen blood circulation in the area of the spine.
The spine represents the group of the vertebrae, between which there are elastic disks, which play the role of shock absorbers. Mobility of all the segments attach to the facet joints and articular cartilage.
Violation of the integrity or location of any part of the vertebrae leads to various патологиям, which are expressed болевыми feelings.
From the spinal cord go to the special nerve roots, which pass close to the позвонкам, so a large part of the unpleasant sensations connected with their ущемлением.
Basically a throbbing pain in the spine, arises from the following reasons:
- Cracks in the позвонках.
- Osteochondrosis of the.
- Spondylosis.
- Hernia between the vertebrae.
- Lumbago.
Such a serious disease, it is easily distinguished from common pain in the back, because in the second case it is only an inflammation or stretching of the muscles, and the condition takes place fairly quickly. In the case of the defeat of the spine feelings are extremely powerful and require serious measures of treatment.
Cracks in the spine
In fact, in the medical community, that this term was not adopted. The term "crack" means rather incomplete fracture, no spinal cord damage.
The spine is designed to be supportive of the entire body, yet is sufficiently flexible and active, the result is that you can perform a variety of twists and turns, the sails. However, even so almost perfect mechanism is very неустойчив.
The cracks may arise from the following reasons:
- The unfortunate decline or the implementation of sports exercises.
- A fall from a great height.
- Drastic squeezing of the body (e.g. a car accident).
People in age constitute a special risk, because such damage may arise even at the minimum load on the back, their vertebrae are too fragile and not enough collectors the necessary trace elements.
Not always a person can immediately have a violation of the integrity of the vertebrae. In some cases, the cracks are so small that they continue to fully live. However, often these changes immediately they know about each other.
The typical symptoms of fractures in the spine:
- strong, intense and throbbing pain at the site of injury, which may распростронять in other parts of the back;
- increased pain on palpation, or change in body position;
- formation of swelling and bruising at the site of injury;
- muscle tension back pain, limitation in movement.
If as a result of injuries tore out part of the vertebrae, can сдавливать the nerve endings of the spine or задевать alone the spinal cord, in this case, the pain searing and sharp and it is necessary to take measures to emergency hospitalization to remove the splinters.
Osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis – it is a pathology associated with degenerative nerve changes of the intervertebral discs and articular cartilage.
Develops more often in people in the age due to poor nutrition of the tissues, but in the last time is the diagnosis of "молодеет". From a lack of nutrients like a first suffering of the disc between the vertebrae, which loses its firmness and elasticity and flexibility. This reduces the amount of, сдавливается and consequently ceases to perform its main function of the adjacent vertebrae. This thin seal is not able to separate the bone tissue of the vertebrae from each other, and they begin to interact, causing inflammation.
Дистрофические disk changes lead, in addition, on the anomalies and ущемлением of the nerve roots.
Other changes relate to позвоночные joints and ligaments. Bone tissue is kidnapped, and, in consequence, loses the mobility of the spine, it becomes crooked, developing кифоз and scoliosis.
For help! The cargo, which is distributed unevenly on the human body, for example, the heavy bag, which from day to day to wear on one shoulder, which leads to disease of the spine.
To provoke the disease can not only senile age, but also a number of other reasons:
- the increased load on the spine: heavy physical work, being overweight, occupation, associated with a permanent position, sitting or standing;
- disorders of the metabolism;
- intoxication of the organism;
- lack of vitamins and minerals;
- somatic disorders;
- hormonal changes.
Osteochondrosis is divided into cervical, thoracic and lumbar.
The symptoms of the disease:- When damage to the cervical observed the following manifestations: pain in the neck, arms, their armor, impaired hearing, headache.
- When the loss of the parent department to appear: pain, back pain, shortness of breath, pain in the heart muscle.
- When damage to the lumbar feel throbbing pain in the lower back, the sacrum, then spread to the legs. Can manifest disorders мочеполовых authorities.
When damage to the cervical leads to violation of blood supply to the brain and as a result of other symptoms:
- pressure changes;
- nausea;
- dizziness, the occurrence of spots and spots before the eyes;
- violation of sleep.
More often when остеохондрозе arises throbbing or pain, which extends in the region of the spine in the lumbar. This is due to the fact that there is 5 the largest of the vertebrae that is pushing the whole upper part of the spine. In addition, this area is more напрягается when lifting the cargo, наклонах, cornering.
Spondylosis
Spondylosis – it is a disease in which the edges of the vertebrae to form growths on the bone, pathological bone growths. Such a state is the next step after the degenerative disc disease of the spine.
Due to the deformation of the intervertebral discs and the development of local inflammation with reinforced bone tissue of the vertebrae. In конченом eventually begin to deposit calcium salts, are formed of so-called spines, which constricts the nerve roots and позвоночные blood vessels.
The causes of the disease more often affects:
- a back injury;
- higher age;
- chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes);
- obesity.
Симптоматика similar остеохондрозом and manifests itself in the form of pain in the innervated by the area, мышечном tension, restriction of motion, strengthening кифоза or lordosis.
Interesting fact! Спондилезом suffered by old people. Scientists-археологам managed to appear similar to the pathological changes in the remnants of the vertebrate structures of the mummy.
Hernia between vertebrae
The disease usually does not arise suddenly. There is gradually squeezing the disk, which is located between the vertebrae. A certain part of the fibrous rings (outer shell) extends beyond the edges of the vertebrae. In such a situation speaks only of ejecting the disc.
During heavy or sharp сдавливании, inadequate nutrition the tissues of the fibrous ring to burst and then the inner part of the disk – pulpous core comes out. In this case, is put diagnosed with a hernia. The core affects the nerve endings, and thus causes a searing pain.
Most often a hernia локализуются in the area of the lumbar. When the person is experiencing the following symptoms:
- pain, in violation of the buttocks and legs;
- numbness in the legs;
- failure of the genitourinary system.
For herniated cervical characterized by: numbness in hands, pressure fluctuations, dizziness, pain, отдающая on the shoulders.
For herniated thoracic department (which is becoming less likely), is a typical chest pain which is often perceived as a disease of adjacent organs.
Lumbago
Under the concept of lumbago means a throbbing pain in the lower back, which has various causes. It is not an independent disease, but only a manifestation of the negative changes taking place in the позвонках.
On the basis of lumbago lies as дистрофические, and degenerative processes taking place in the back. Often, the main cause, as well as in many other states – osteochondrosis.
In addition, lumbago may occur due to:
- disease ankylosing Spondylitis;
- injuries and tumors of the spine;
- tb;
- congenital dysplasia of the hip joint.
The condition of lumbago is often referred to as pain in the lower back, because of completely new pain is acute and throbbing.
In such a situation, a person sharply сгибается and can't straighten. Relief brings the position of lying on his stomach on a hard surface with положенным under each roller. Because of the acute pain arises from spasm and strained muscles will even more worsen the discomfort.
If injure the roots, sciatic nerve, lumbago arises, in which the pain spreads to the buttocks and thighs.
In addition to the pain in lumbago appear such symptoms as:
- numbness of the skin at the site of acute pain, or, on the contrary, a feeling of tingling and "chills";
- heart palpitations;
- sweating.
The condition of lumbago can last from a few hours to several days, and sometimes stop on their own without any intervention.
Throbbing pain in the back – it is almost always a signal lesions of the spine. It is not enough just to rest or change the situation. At the first sign of the disease is necessary to contact your doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis and implement timely treatment.